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The Difference between CNC Lathe and CNC Milling Machine

The Difference between CNC Lathe and CNC Milling Machine

2022-06-30 14:29:13

CNC lathe

 

CNC lathe is a machine tool that mainly uses turning tools to turn rotating workpieces. On the CNC lathe, the corresponding processing can also be carried out with drills, reamers, taps, dies, and knurling tools. The lathe is a kind of machine tool equipped with a long history. It has existed since ancient times, but the ancient lathes were relatively simple and the workpiece processed was also very simple.

 

With the progress and development of science and technology and the rise of the industrial revolution, various machine tools and equipment came into being, and lathes have also made rapid development and progress. Today's lathes generally process some shaft parts, disc parts, sleeve parts, and pad parts. In general, lathes have tool holders to install tools. The processing form of lathes is mainly the rotation of workpieces, The movement of the cutting tool is feed movement. The turning process is completed through these two forms of movement. The parts are clamped on the spindle of the machine tool through the three-jaw chuck and rotate at high speed. Then the turning tool is used to cut the appearance of the product according to the bus of the rotating body. In addition, the lathe can also carry out processing forms such as an inner hole, thread, and undercut. The processing of thread and undercut belongs to low-speed processing. CNC lathes have the basic processing form of lathes, and CNC lathes can complete many processing forms that cannot be completed by lathes, such as processing some workpieces with complex revolving body shapes.

 

CNC MILLING MACHINE

 

CNC milling machine

 

A milling machine mainly refers to a machine tool that uses a milling cutter to process a variety of surfaces on a workpiece. Generally, the rotation of the milling cutter is the main motion, and the movement of the workpiece (and) milling cutter is the feed motion. The milling methods include reverse milling and forward milling. During forward milling, the milling cutter is installed in the positive direction, and the spindle motor is required to rotate in the positive direction; During reverse milling, the milling cutter needs to be installed in the reverse direction due to processing needs, and the spindle motor is required to rotate in the reverse direction. When the milling direction is determined, there is no need to change the rotation direction in the milling process. Therefore, the control required for the spindle motor is to select the steering (forward or reverse) before machining and then start machining. The milling cutter is a kind of multi-edge cutter, and its cutting process is intermittent. The load fluctuates with time, resulting in the imbalance of motor drive. To reduce the impact of load fluctuation, the flywheel is used on the spindle to increase the inertia, which in turn causes the spindle to have large inertia during parking, so the parking time is long, affecting the production efficiency. To achieve the purpose of rapid parking, the main shaft adopts the braking parking mode.

 

During milling, according to the processing requirements of the workpiece, there are longitudinal, transverse, and vertical feed movements, which are driven by a motor. The direction of feed movement is realized by operating the handle and switch for selecting the movement direction and cooperating with the forward and reverse rotation of the feed drag motor. To ensure the safety of the milling machine and cutter, the workpiece is only allowed to feed in one direction during milling. When the rotary worktable is used for machining, the workpiece is not allowed to make longitudinal, transverse, and vertical feed movements. For this reason, there should be an interlocking link between the feeding movements in all directions. In the milling process, the braking method can also be used to improve the accuracy of the parking position.

 

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